Retort



(NoModeL) f D. JARVES.

RETORT.

No, 317,135. Patented May 51,1885.

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UNITED STATES PATENT EEICE.

DEMING JARVES, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN.

RETO RT.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters patent No. 317.135, dated May 5,1885.

Application filed February 5, 1385. (No model.) 4

To @ZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, DEMINGJARVES, of Detroit, in the county of Wayne and State of Michigan, have irl-vented new and useful Improvements in Retorts; and I do hereby de- -clare that the following is a full, clear, and eX- act description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to certain new and useful improvements in the construction of retorts in which destructive distillation is carried on by means of applied heat.

The invention consists in so constructing a retort that when used in a vertical position, asin the manufacture of bone-black by the destructive distillation of bones, the mass to be acted upon by the heat is prevented from dropping down below the point where there is no heat applied, in the peculiarconstruction of the retort, by means of which the gases are retained and discharged, and in the peculiar construction and operation of the various parts, as more fully hereinafter described.

Figure l is a vertical central section of my improved retort. Fig. 2 is a cross-section of the same on the line X X in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a plan view of the slide-gate. Fig. 4 is a detail showing the manner of securing the end of the slideway to prevent the escape of gas at that point.

In the accompanyingdrawings, which form a part of this specification, A represents a rectangular retort having lugs a cast or otherwise secured thereto, which, when the retort is in use, rest upon the floor of the kiln,

the contracted mouth?) projecting below the floor and terminating in a thickened rim, c, in which there is formed an annular recess, d. There are also cast or formed upon the outer walls of said retort other lugs, e, which support the roof of the kiln, the upper end of the retort projecting above such roof, and the roof rises and falls with the elongation and shortening under the expansion and contraction of the retort. At this end of the retort one side of the retort is contracted, thereby providing a comparatively small mouth, d', upon which a cover, B, has to beluted and secured in any of the known ways. Around the upper end of this mouth which is thickened for that purpose, there is formed an annular recess like that described as surrounding the opposite or discharge end of the retort, and' the covers of both ends are alike, having an annular recess, h, formed upon their inner faces, so that when in placca ange surrounding the annular recess in the covers will t into the similar recess in the ends of the retort. This contraction of the upper end en- 6o ables me to` form a discharge-pipe, C, for the gas, projecting from the larger section of the body directly vertical, communicating with the retort-chamber, as shown,without, as heretofore, the necessity of making an L-connection through the side wall of such retort.

At or about the point where the contraction of the lower end of the retort commences there is formed a rectangular box, D, opening at one end into the' side wall of such rei tort, and which forms a guide for the slide E, which is adapted to be projected into and across Vthe interior of the retort, and when thus projected to rest upon a lug or ledge, t', formed on the inner face of the wall opposite the opening in the opposite wall, through which the slide is projected. This slide forms a removable bottom for that portion of the retort which is subjected to the action of the heat in the kiln. The projecting end of the slide-box has a cover, k, bolted thereon, with a central hole therein, through which a removable handle, F, is inserted to operate the slide, which latter has a hole, Z, near its end, to engage with a lug or hook, m, on the handle. Attached to the outside of this cover k is a hol low stud, n, the opening through which is co incident with the opening in the cover, and this stud is threaded to engage witha screwcap, o. To operate the slide this cap is re- 9o moved and the handle inserted through the hollow stud. The handle is then withdrawn and the cap replaced to prevent the escape of gas at this point.

In practice these retorts are setV in benches, with their lower ends projecting through the floor of a proper kiln, and their upper ends projecting through the roof of said kiln. The cover is luted and secured to the'lower or discharge end, and the slide projected within the retort to form a false bottom. Theupper cover being removed, the retort is filled with bone,

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Y charged through the lower end of the retort,

whichn is contracted to form a dischargemouth, and to avoid the necessity of luting so large a joint, as would be necessary had not such contraction been made. The contraction for the lower end is equal on all the sides of the retort, thereby giving a central discharge for the contents vwithout anything` to interrupt such free discharge.

One object of contracting the upper end of the retort is to lessen the amount of luting to be done, and the contraction being from one side only gives room for the discharge-pipe for the gases to project vertically from the body of the retort, thereby avoiding the L- shaped connection for the same purpose, in

which extraneous matter will collect, requiring to be frequently cleaned out.

I am aware of the Patent No. 171,813, and make no claim to anything shown therein as forming part of my invention.

Vhat I claim as my invention is- 1. A retort having means for supporting it upon the iioor of a kiln, and for supporting the roof of said kiln, centrally contracted to form a discharge-mouth at its lower end, eccentrically contracted at its upper end, and having a vertical gas-discharge pipe by the side of the contracted upper end,substantially as and for the purposes described.

2. A retort having an opening in its side wall communicating with a rectangular openended box, and having an interiorlug orledge, in combination with a slide-gate, adetachable handle for operating said slide-gate, and means, as described, for closing the outer end of such slide-inclosing box against escaping gas, substantially as and for the purposes speciiied.

DEMING JARVES.

Witnesses:

HENRY RUssnL, Gno. L. NADoLLEcK. 

